by Roberto Siagri, Chairman of the IP4FVG Steering Committee<\/i><\/p>\n
I activated an\u00a0account on chatGPT<\/b>, a chat where answers are given through an artificial intelligence<\/b>\u00a0created by\u00a0OpenAI<\/b>: I began to converse with it and I must say that it surprised me. It has an answer for every questions, but with a caveat <\/b>attached: not only do you need to phrase your question well, but it is very important\u00a0to always check the result by asking more follow-up questions<\/b>\u00a0if you are not happy with the answer. I even tried to make it write algorithms<\/b>: the ability that chatGPT has to write code is equally astounding.<\/p>\n
That being said, I asked chatGPT to explain what Industry 4.0 is, and here is its answer<\/b>: \u201c…it is a concept that refers to the adoption of advanced digital technologies in industrial production. Industry 4.0 includes the integration of mechanical production systems with automation and control systems based on digital technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, advanced robotics and artificial intelligence. The goal of Industry 4.0 is to increase the efficiency, flexibility and customisation of production, as well as the quality and safety of products.\u201d \u00a0I quite agree with this definition.<\/p>\n
I then asked chatGPT to tell me what Industry 5.0 is<\/b>\u00a0and it replied that Industry 5.0 \u201c…is still in the development stage and refers to the adoption of next-generation technologies, such as augmented reality and virtual reality, in industrial production. Industry 5.0 aims to create a highly integrated and customised manufacturing environment where advanced digital technologies enable greater collaboration between man and machine and greater flexibility in production. Industry 5.0 is expected to lead to greater sustainability and more energy-efficient production.\u201d<\/p>\n
While acceptable at first glance, the second answer somehow left me with a bad taste in my mouth instead, and makes me realise that we humans in 2021 (chatGPT\u2019s knowledge cutoff),\u00a0had not yet reached a consensus<\/b>\u00a0on the definition of Industry 5.0.\u00a0 My definition of Industry 5.0 is a little different, just enough to allow us to think about a drastic change in the <\/b>production model. I want to believe that Industry 5.0 represents the\u00a0maturity stage of the 4<\/b>th <\/sup><\/b><\/span>industrial revolution<\/b>. A time when digital technologies will not be used only to intensify the current industrial production model, which is now unable to meet the sustainability needs of spaceship Earth we populate. A time when digital technologies will be used in a transformative way, so that they will be the architects of discontinuous change.<\/b>\u00a0 A discontinuity driven and initially\u00a0guided by us humans<\/b>, and later catalysed and amplified by digital technologies.<\/p>\n The discontinuity I am talking about is nothing more than the\u00a0shift from the industrial production model to the digital production model<\/b>. From the perspective of the economy, this means moving from product economy to outcome economy<\/b>; an economy where what matters is no longer the product as such, but the\u00a0results or performance<\/b>\u00a0that is obtained from the use of the product itself; an economy where all things become\u00a0\u201cadvanced service\u201d<\/b>\u00a0thanks to the introduction of new business models that only digital technology makes it possible to activate<\/b>. This will not only meet the growing customer demand for customisation and tailored solutions, but will also enable companies to increase profits by reducing the use price for the customer while drastically limiting impact on the environment<\/b>. I speak of \u201cuse price\u201d and not \u201cpurchase price\u201d, meaning the price per kilo of a product. The price per kilo is bound to go up, but it is no longer a \u201cweight\u201d that the customer buys, but rather a \u201ctime\u201d<\/b>; therefore, digital technology can work the magic of increasing the price per kilo of a product for the enterprise, while reducing the use price of such product for the customer. There are also indirect benefits, such as a better use of resources <\/b>due to longer product lifespan, a significant reduction in waste<\/b>\u00a0and a consequent\u00a0reduction in energy<\/b>\u00a0required by industry. This is a new model that creates a virtuous circle: we move from\u00a0an economic model where someone has to lose \u2014usually causing the environment to lose \u2014 to a model where everyone wins<\/b>. I like to think of Industry 5.0 and outcome economy as two complementary concepts, two sides of the same coin, where technology performs the function of allowing humans to take centre stage again<\/b>, while circular economy<\/b>\u00a0improves the income statement of businesses and is no longer a cost.<\/p>\n To activate this virtuous circuit new IT technicians need to be trained<\/b>. Digital technology is and will be increasingly important in all sectors of the economy, and we are already experiencing across-the-board shortage of IT skills. Things are already looking bad considering that according to a 2021 survey 64% of businesses claimed that IT staff shortages are the most difficult barrier to overcome in adopting new technologies. In 2020, only 4% believed that the obstacle was related to staff. According to other estimates, we could experience, globally, 85 million job vacancies by 2030, with lost revenues for businesses estimated at $ 8.5 trillion.<\/p>\n In Italy, ITS <\/b>(Higher Technology Institutes) play an increasingly strategic role<\/b> in training quickly the new technicians of the digital age. Great attention should be paid by all to ITS Academies, insofar as if they are well used they can significantly mitigate the problem related to lack of technicians. After all, if IBM has announced the ambitious goal of training, globally, 30 million people by 2030, we too should be able to train in Italy at least 3 million super technicians by 2030. There is also a tool that is still little used, i.e. the higher education apprenticeship<\/b>: businesses could give young people a salary while they learn, and it would only take a small change in the legislation to make it very attractive with a view to ITS development.\u00a0 Addressing businesses and paraphrasing a phrase from J.F. Kennedy, we are not asking the Italian education system what it can do for businesses,\u00a0but what businesses together with families and teachers can do for Italy<\/b>, supporting and nurturing higher education schools such as ITS Academies.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" by Roberto Siagri, Chairman of the IP4FVG Steering Committee I activated an\u00a0account on chatGPT, a chat where answers are given through an artificial intelligence\u00a0created by\u00a0OpenAI: I began to converse with it and I must say that it surprised me. 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